›› 1997, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (-1): 165-171.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

几种杀虫剂对拟水狼蛛捕食功能的影响。

吴进才 徐建祥 李国生 程遐年 雍德本   

  • 出版日期:1997-12-20 发布日期:1997-12-20

IMPACT OF SEVERAL INSECTICIDES ON THE PREDATION FUNCTION OF PIRATA SUBPIRATICUS

Wu Jincai Xu Jianxiang Li Guosheng Cheng Xianian Yong Deben   

  • Online:1997-12-20 Published:1997-12-20

摘要: 研究了稻田常用杀虫剂杀虫双、甲胺磷、扑虱灵3种农药对稻田主要捕食性天敌拟水狼蛛Pirata subpiraticus 捕食褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens 功能的影响。提出用功能减退率来综合评价农药对天敌的影响。结果表明24h杀虫双常用浓度540mg/L、810mg/L对狼蛛的杀伤力为12.63%、27.57%。功能减退率分别高达65.41%和81.3%;甲胺磷100mg/L24h对狼蛛的杀伤力和功能减退率分别为49.8%和68.56%。这2种药剂对狼蛛的作用机制不同,甲胺磷毒性大,狼蛛死亡率高,但对非致死狼蛛的捕食功能减退率比杀虫双处理略小,狼蛛的捕食功能恢复快于杀虫双处理。杀虫双处理的浓度越高,狼蛛的功能减退率越大、功能恢复越慢。扑虱灵对狼蛛的杀伤和功能减退均不大。2种药剂处理后狼蛛功能恢复到正常水平约需7d左右。田间试验表明频繁地使用甲胺磷削弱了天敌功能导致飞虱再猖獗。

关键词: 杀虫双, 甲胺磷, 拟水狼蛛, 捕食功能, 褐飞虱

Abstract: So far main evaluating method about effect of pesticides on natural enemies has been concentrated on their lethal rate resulted and rarely on their predation function. Impacts of three insecticides, shachong-shuang, methanidophos and buprofezin on the predation function of Pirata subpiraticus on brown planthopper were studied in this TR paper. Decrease rate of predation function, FD= [∑(Dt+St×FDt,)] /TR×100 wast=l proposed as comprehensive evaluation of impact of insecticides to natural enemies,where Dt=death rate of natural enemy at t time, St=survival rate of natural enemy at ttime, FDt=decrease rate of predation function at t time and TR=duration of predation function recovery. The experimental results showed that 540 mg/L and 810 mg/L of shachong-shuang caused low death rates to the wolf spider, which are 12.63% and 27.57%, respectively, but had a great impact on its predtion function, which decreased65.41% and 81.3%, respectively, 100mg/L of methanidophos treatment showed 49.8% of death rate and 68.56% in the decrease of function. These two insecticides showed different affecting machanisms, the later had higher lethal toxicity and shorter duration of predation function recovery. For the third insecticide, buprofezin, both thelethal effect and function decrease of the spider could be ignored. The function recovery of the wolf spider needed about 7 d after shachong-shuan and me-thanidophos treatments. Moreover, the result of field experiment indicated that application of methanidophos would cause resurgence of planthoppers due to the decline of the function of natural enemies.

Key words: shachong-shuan, methanidophos, Pirata subpiraticus, predation func- tion, Nilaparvata lugens