果园梨小食心虫越冬幼虫与成虫发生的关系

›› 2014, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (12): 1418-1423.

果园梨小食心虫越冬幼虫与成虫发生的关系

李丽莉¹, 郭婷婷¹, 赵楠³, 门兴元¹, 庄乾营¹, 周仙红¹, 许永玉^2,*, 于毅^1,*

(1. 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 山东省植物病毒学重点实验室, 济南 250100; 2. 山东农业大学植物保护学院, 山东泰安 271018; 3. 莱州市农业局, 山东莱州 261400)

出版日期:2014-12-20 发布日期:2014-12-20
作者简介:李丽莉, 女, 1977年生, 山东肥城人, 助理研究员, 主要从事害虫综合治理研究, E-mail: zbsli3@163.com

Relationship of overwintering larvae and adult occurrence of the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in orchards

LI Li-Li¹, GUO Ting-Ting¹, ZHAO Nan³, MEN Xing-Yuan¹, ZHUANG Qian-Ying¹, ZHOU Xian-Hong¹, XU Yong-Yu^2,*, YU Yi^1,*

(1. Key Laboratory for Plant Virology of Shandong, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; 2. College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China; 3. Laizhou Municipal Bureau of Agriculture, Laizhou, Shandong 261400, China)

Online:2014-12-20 Published:2014-12-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探明梨小食心虫Grapholita molesta (Busck)在果园中的越冬场所及越冬幼虫与越冬代成虫发生的关系, 为更好地防治梨小食心虫提供科学依据。【方法】选取山东省不同地区（济南、泰安、肥城、广饶、莱芜）6个代表性的果园进行系统调查, 刮树皮调查记录梨小食心虫越冬幼虫在树体上的分布和存活情况, 利用封闭纱网调查土壤中梨小食心虫越冬幼虫数量, 同时利用性诱集和糖醋液对越冬代成虫发生量进行监测, 分析同园越冬幼虫与成虫发生的关系。【结果】梨小食心虫幼虫平均越冬成活率高达62.99%; 不同果园间梨小食心虫的越冬幼虫数量差异显著（P<0.001）。越冬场所选择更倾向于树体下部（45.10%）和中部（46.28%）以及相应的主干（28.48%）和主枝（44.24%）, 而位于树体上部(8.62%)及相应的侧枝(27.28%)的相对较少; 对树枝方位的选择没有显著差异（P>0.05）（东27.57%, 西26.13%, 南23.76%, 北22.54%）。同园越冬幼虫数量与越冬代成虫诱集数量无显著相关性。【结论】梨小食心虫以老熟幼虫在果树中、下部主干和主枝及树干周围的土壤中越冬。梨小食心虫在果园调查获得的越冬幼虫数量不能作为该果园翌年越冬代成虫发生和防治的依据, 发生危害情况还需根据周围环境情况做综合考虑。

关键词: 梨小食心虫, 越冬幼虫, 越冬场所, 成虫发生, 空间分布, 果园

Abstract: 【Aim】 The overwintering site of the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck) and the relationship between the number of overwintering larvae and adult occurrence were investigated in different orchards to provide the scientific basis for forecasting and controlling this insect pest. 【Methods】 Six typical orchards located in Jinan, Tai’an, Feicheng, Guangrao and Laiwu of Shandong Province were selected for systematic investigation and analysis. The method of scraping bark was used to investigate the survival rate of overwintering larvae of G. molesta and the overwintering locations on tree branches, and closed gauze was used to investigate the numbers of overwintering larvae in the soil. Meanwhile, the occurrence of overwintering adults was monitored by sex pheromone traps and the sugar and vinegar liquid, and the relationship between the numbers of overwintering larvae and adult occurrence was analyzed.【Results】 The survival rate of overwintering larvae of G. molesta was as high as 62.99%, and the numbers of overwintering larvae were significantly different among different orchards (P<0.001). More overwintering larvae were found in main trunk (28.48%) and bough (44.24%) located in lower (45.10%) and middle (46.28%) parts of fruit tree, while less overwintering larvae were found on the upper part of fruit tree (8.62%) and the lateral branches (27.28%). There were no significant differences in the number of overwintering larvae among four directions of tree branches (east: 27.57%; west: 26.13%; south: 23.76%; north: 22.54%). No significant correlation was found between the numbers of the overwintering larvae and overwintering generation adults caught in the same orchard. 【Conclusion】 G. molesta overwinters as mature larvae in main trunk and bough located in lower and middle parts of fruit tree or in the soil. In the same orchard, the population of overwintering larvae of G. molesta is not suitable to be the reference basis for the forecast and control of overwintering adults, because the surrounding environmental conditions also affect adult occurrence of this moth.

Key words: Grapholita molesta, overwintering larvae, overwintering site, adult occurrence, spatial distribution, orchard

李丽莉, 郭婷婷, 赵楠, 门兴元, 庄乾营, 周仙红, 许永玉, 于毅. 果园梨小食心虫越冬幼虫与成虫发生的关系[J]. , 2014, 57(12): 1418-1423.

LI Li-Li, GUO Ting-Ting, ZHAO Nan, MEN Xing-Yuan, ZHUANG Qian-Ying, ZHOU Xian-Hong, XU Yong-Yu, YU Yi. Relationship of overwintering larvae and adult occurrence of the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in orchards[J]. , 2014, 57(12): 1418-1423.

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