关键词: 巨膜长蝽, 温度, 生长发育, 繁殖, 发育历期, 发育起点温度, 有效积温

Abstract:  【Aim】 Jakowleffia setulosa (Jakovlev) has migrated to agricultural areas and caused serious damages in recent years. It has become an agricultural pest with outbreaking populations from a desert insect with stable populations. Due to the lack of basic research on the biology of J. setulosa, its monitoring and integrated management are difficult. Our research aimed to study the effect of temperature on the growth, development and reproduction of J. setulosa. 【Methods】 At a series of temperature gradient (13,  18, 23, 28, 33, 35 and 37℃), the developmental period, developmental rate, survival rate, number of eggs laid and population parameters of J. setulosa on host plant Halogeton arachnoideus Moq. was investigated. 【Results】 The duration of various developmental stages of J. setulosa decreased with the increasing temperature. It needed 82.63 d to complete a life cycle at 13℃, while it needed 14.61 d at 37℃. The relationships between developmental rates (V) at different stages and temperature (T) all fit the the polynomial regression model. By the analysis of direct optimal method, the developmental threshold temperature for J. setulosa was 8.30℃, and its effective cumulative temperature was 555.77 day-degree, suggesting two generations a year for J. setulosa in Ningxia. The generation survival rate reached the maximum (35.44%) at 33℃, and the number of eggs laid per female was more than 10 in the temperature range of 28-37℃. The theoretical optimum temperature of fecundity, which was calculated by the fitting equation, was 34.59℃ with 16.73 eggs laid per female adult. The population trend index was zero at 13℃, while it was less than 1 at 18-23℃, demonstrating that the mean population growth is negative. On the contrary, the population trend index was greater than 1 at 28-37 ℃ and reached the maximum (2.77) at 33℃. The net reproductive rate, the intrinsic rate of increase and the finite rate of increase peaked at 37℃, which were 7.24, 0.3912 and 1.4787, respectively. The generation time of the population was the longest (45.8936 d) at 13℃, but was the shortest (5.0608 d) at 37℃. 【Conclusion】 The survival rate, population growth index and fertility are the highest in the temperature range of 28-35℃, suggesting that this temperature range is the most suitable for the growth, development and reproduction of J. setulosa populations. Our results provide a scientific basis for monitoring and integrated management of J. setulosa.

Key words: Jakowleffia setulosa, temperature, growth and development, reproduction, developmental duration, developmental threshold temperature, effective accumulated temperature