荔枝蒂蛀虫幼虫龄数及各发育阶段在不同温度下的发育历期

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】荔枝蒂蛀虫 Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley是荔枝龙眼上的主要害虫，以幼虫蛀果为害。本研究旨在明确荔枝蒂蛀虫幼虫龄数及不同温度下各虫态和各龄幼虫的发育历期，为该虫发生规律、预测预报和防控技术研究提供基础生物学数据。【方法】定期收集处于不同发育时期的荔枝蒂蛀虫幼虫，测量幼虫头壳宽度，对其进行频次分析，Crosby指数验证和曲线回归分析，以确定幼虫龄数。通过室内群体饲养的方法，测定了17~38℃区间8个温度梯度下荔枝蒂蛀虫各虫态和各龄幼虫的发育历期，并采用线性日度模型对其发育速率与温度的关系进行回归分析。【结果】根据荔枝蒂蛀虫幼虫头壳宽度频次分布图，其头壳宽度的频次分布可明显分为5个区域，说明其幼虫分5个龄期，符合Dyar定律。1-5龄幼虫的头壳宽度分别为：0.092~0.120, 0.140~0.206, 0.217~0.319, 0.356~0.523和0.582~0.728 mm。温度对荔枝蒂蛀虫卵、各龄幼虫和蛹的发育历期有明显影响，其发育历期均随温度的升高而缩短，其发育速率均与温度呈显著正相关，并符合线性回归模型。在20~32℃，荔枝蒂蛀虫可完成世代发育；在17℃时，该虫只能发育至3龄幼虫；在35℃时，蛹多不能羽化；在38℃时，卵多不能孵化。在20~32℃，其世代历期为41.16~19.34 d，蛹期为12.74~5.38 d，而产卵前期为4.75~4.22 d，温度对产卵前期无明显影响。在20~35℃，荔枝蒂蛀虫幼虫可正常发育，其1龄幼虫龄期为4.50~1.17 d，2龄幼虫期为2.09~1.40 d，3龄幼虫期为2.84~1.00 d，4龄幼虫期为3.41~1.18 d，5龄幼虫期为3.00~1.37 d，预蛹期为2.41~0.69 d。在17~35℃，荔枝蒂蛀虫卵可正常孵化，其卵期为7.73~2.09 d。【结论】荔枝蒂蛀虫幼虫分5个龄期，不同于前人所报道的4个龄期。在20~32℃温度范围内，卵、各龄幼虫和蛹的发育历期均随温度升高而缩短。本研究结果有助于荔枝蒂蛀虫预测预报方案的制定和实施。

关键词: 荔枝蒂蛀虫, 幼虫, 龄数, 温度, 发育历期

Abstract: 【Aim】 The litchi fruit borer, Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley, is the most serious pest of litchi and logan in China. The objective of this study is to determine the number of larval instars of C. sinensis and the developmental duration of each stage at different temperatures. 【Methods】 The head capsule width of C. sinensis larvae was measured to determine the number of larval instars. The developmental duration of each stage at 17-38℃ was determined in the laboratory via artificial rearing, and the correlation between developmental rate and temperature was analyzed through the linear regression model. 【Results】The results in the frequency histogram of the head capsule width showed that the frequency istribution could be obviously divided into 5 areas, suggesting that C. sinensis has five larval instars, which follows the Dyar’s law. The average head capsule width of the 1st-5th instar larvae was 0.105, 0.170, 0.265, 0.435 and 0.652 mm, respectively. Temperature had significant effects on the developmental duration of egg, larva and pupa, and their durations all reduced with increasing temperatures, while the correlation between the developmental rate and temperature fitted with the linear regression model. C. sinensis could complete a whole generation from 20 to 32℃, but the larvae only developed to the 3rd instar at 17℃, few pupae could complete eclosion at 35℃ and few eggs could hatch at 38℃. The duration of one life cycle, pupa and preoviposition was 41.16-19.34, 12.74-5.35 and 4.75-4.22 d, respectively. However, temperature had no effect on the preoviposition period. Appropriate living temperature for C. sinensis larvae was from 20 to 35℃. The duration of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th instar larva and prepupa at 20-32℃ was 4.50-1.17, 2.09-1.40, 2.84-1.00, 3.41-1.18, 3.00-1.37 and 2.41-0.69 d, respectively. The egg could normally hatch at temperatures from 17-35℃, and its duration was 7.73-2.09 d. 【Conclusion】 C. sinensis has five larval instars instead of four instars reported in the previous research. Within the temperature range of 20-32℃, the durations of egg, each instar larva and pupa reduce with increasing temperatures. These results will provide data support for the forecast of C. sinensis.

Key words: Conopomorpha sinensis, larvae, instars, temperature, developmental duration

董易之, 徐淑, 陈炳旭, 姚琼, 陈耿民. 荔枝蒂蛀虫幼虫龄数及各发育阶段在不同温度下的发育历期[J]. 昆虫学报, 2015, 58(10): 1108-1115.

DONG Yi-Zhi, XU Shu, CHEN Bing-Xu, YAO Qiong, CHEN Geng-Min. Determination of larval instars and developmental duration of each stage at different temperatures of the litchi fruit borer, Conopomorpha sinensis(Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2015, 58(10): 1108-1115.

[1]	赵晨宇, 李新畅, 崔娟, 高宇, 史树森. 变温对甘蓝夜蛾生长发育和繁殖的影响[J]. 昆虫学报, 2020, 63(9): 1108-1116.
[2]	陈丹明, 顾钢, 赖荣泉, 周挺, 白晶晶, 陈志厚, 吴晓婷. 烟蚜茧蜂寄生对烟蚜生长发育和繁殖的影响[J]. 昆虫学报, 2020, 63(9): 1101-1107.
[3]	李爽, 李玲, 周晓榕, 庞保平, 单艳敏. 沙葱萤叶甲钙结合蛋白基因的鉴定及表达谱分析[J]. 昆虫学报, 2020, 63(9): 1059-1069.
[4]	王贺, 唐晁, 齐莉莉, 董春楠, 宋兆昱, 任晓鹏. 丝光绿蝇蛹壳颜色变化及其对死后间隔时间推断的意义[J]. 昆虫学报, 2020, 63(8): 1010-1015.
[5]	周吕, 孟建玉, 杨昌利, 李锦, 胡朝兴, 张长禹. 草地贪夜蛾热激蛋白基因SfHsp90的克隆及在高低温和UV-A胁迫下的表达分析[J]. 昆虫学报, 2020, 63(5): 533-544.
[6]	郭磊, 潘正元, 刘佳茵, 韩铭轩, 褚栋. 烟粉虱MED隐种钙离子结合蛋白基因的RNAi及其生物学效应[J]. 昆虫学报, 2020, 63(2): 142-148.
[7]	王政, 张绍华, 杨陈军, 孟倩倩, 孙世伟, 高圣风, 刘爱勤, 杨婧. 黄翅绢野螟生物学特性及田间种群动态[J]. 昆虫学报, 2020, 63(1): 63-72.
[8]	郑彬悦, 赵必安, 金鑫, 段辛乐, 黄少康, 李江红. 囊状幼虫病病毒侵染对中华蜜蜂营养和免疫反应的影响[J]. 昆虫学报, 2019, 62(9): 1054-1064.
[9]	杨云鹤, 张海剑, 石洁, 刘树森, 郭宁. 食物和温湿度对二点委夜蛾幼虫取食和为害玉米苗的影响[J]. 昆虫学报, 2019, 62(9): 1065-1071.
[10]	张徐波, 武文君, 李开霞, 马恩波, 吴海花, 张建珍, 董玮. 灵活操控果蝇翅芽中wingless基因表达水平的策略[J]. 昆虫学报, 2019, 62(9): 1048-1053.
[11]	杨海博, 胡镇杰, 董钧锋, 朱品红, 李定旭. 重阳木锦斑蛾越冬幼虫的耐寒性变化[J]. 昆虫学报, 2019, 62(8): 979-986.
[12]	田新新, 张超, 刘向东. 灰飞虱长、短翅型品系对高、低温的适应能力差异 [J]. 昆虫学报, 2019, 62(7): 830-837.
[13]	李广伟, 孙勇, 王宇晶, 李诗琪, 康乐, 陈玉鑫, 徐世才. 室内条件下以枣树为寄主的苹褐带卷蛾的生长发育、繁殖及对产卵基质的选择性[J]. 昆虫学报, 2019, 62(6): 710-719 .
[14]	张方梅, 金银利, 张丽丽, 尹健, 陈俊华, 赵琦, 潘鹏亮. 灰茶尺蠖成虫触角及幼虫头部感器超微结构[J]. 昆虫学报, 2019, 62(6): 743-755.
[15]	许喆, 崔娟, 毕锐, 高宇, 史树森. 光照强度对筛豆龟蝽生长发育及繁殖的影响[J]. 昆虫学报, 2019, 62(5): 645-652.

荔枝蒂蛀虫幼虫龄数及各发育阶段在不同温度下的发育历期

Determination of larval instars and developmental duration of each stage at different temperatures of the litchi fruit borer, Conopomorpha sinensis(Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 10