›› 2018, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (4): 511-518.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2018.04.014

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不同光周期对高粱蚜种群参数的影响

武德功, 詹秋文, 黄保宏, 王增霞, 黄伟东, 毕亚玲, 刘长仲, 杜军利*   

  1.  (安徽科技学院农学院, 安徽凤阳 233100)
  • 出版日期:2018-04-20 发布日期:2018-04-20

Effects of photoperiod on the population parameters of the sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

WU De-Gong, ZHAN Qiu-Wen, HUANG Bao-Hong, WANG Zeng-Xia, HUANG Wei-Dong, BI Ya-Ling, LIU Chang-Zhong, DU Jun-Li*   

  1.   (College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui 233100, China)
  • Online:2018-04-20 Published:2018-04-20

摘要: 【目的】为了探索光周期对高粱蚜Melanaphis sacchari生长发育的影响,构建不同光周期条件下高粱蚜的种群生命表。【方法】利用培养皿离体叶片法,在不同的光周期条件(2L:22D, 6L:18D, 8L:16D, 12L:12D, 14L:10D, 18L:6D和20L:4D)下饲养高梁蚜,测定其体重及各项生命表参数。【结果】在12L:12D光周期时,高粱蚜的体重差(成蚜体重减去刚出生12 h内时的体重)和下代新生蚜体重最高(分别为0.485和0.043 mg);在18L:6D光周期时体重差和下代新生蚜体重值最低(分别为0.242和0.018 mg)。在14L:10D, 12L:12D, 8L:16D和6L:18D光周期时高粱蚜的若虫存活率和成虫生殖力显著高于18L:6D和2L:22D时;在不同光周期条件下的净增殖率(R0)为25.90~88.14头/雌,在12L:12D光周期时的净增殖率最大,在2L:22D光周期时的净增殖率最小。在不同光周期条件下高粱蚜的内禀增长率(rm)为0.325~0.407;生命表参数与光周期的拟合方程预测出高粱蚜的最适光照时数为9~11 h。【结论】光周期对高梁蚜种群参数有显著的影响,光周期9~11L:13~15D最适合高粱蚜的生长发育和繁殖,光照过长或过短均会影响高粱蚜种群的发展。

关键词: 高粱蚜, 光周期, 生命表参数, 繁殖力, 发育历期

Abstract: 【Aim】 To explore the effects of photoperiod on the growth and development of the sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari, and to construct its life table under different photoperiods. 【Methods】 M.sacchari aphids were reared with leaves in petri dishes under different photoperiods (2L:22D, 6L:18D, 8L:16D, 12L:12D, 14L:10D, 18L:6D and 20L:4D), and their body weight and life table parameters were measured. 【Results】 The body weight difference of M. sacchari within 12 h from birth to maturity under the 12L:12D photoperiod and the body weight of its offspring (F1 generation) were the highest (0.485 and 0.043 mg, respectively), while those under the 18L:6D photoperiod were the least (0.242 and 0.018 mg, respectively). The nymphal survival rates and adult fertility under photoperiods of 14L:10D, 12L:12D, 8L:16D and 6L:18D were significantly higher than those under photoperiods of 18L:6D and 2L:22D. The net reproductive rate (R0) under different photoperiods ranged from 25.90 to 88.14 offsprings per female, with the maximum value under the 12L:12D photoperiod and the minimum value under the 2L:22D photoperiod. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) under different photoperiods ranged from 0.325 to 0.407. The optimal photophase duration calculated with the fitting equation of life table parameters and photoperiod was 9-11 h. 【Conclusion】 Photoperiod has a significant influence on the population parameters of M. sacchari. The photoperiod of 9-11L:13-15D is optimal for its growth and reproduction, while other longer or shorter photophase periods will affect the population growth of this species.

Key words: Melanaphis sacchari, photoperiod, life table parameters, fecundity, developmental duration