雌性中华蜜蜂胚胎发育组织形态观察

doi:10.16380/j.kcxb.2020.03.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探索雌性中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana胚胎组织发育过程。【方法】在正常蜂群中，用蜂王产卵控制器将蜂王限制在工蜂巢房的巢脾上产卵1 h，蜂王在工蜂巢房中产下的卵是受精的雌性卵，将有卵的巢脾割下放入恒温恒湿箱中培养。恒温恒湿箱中样本所在的位置温度严格控制在35±0.2℃，相对湿度75%±5%。把限王产卵1 h内获得的蜜蜂卵作为0 h胚胎，每隔4 h取样一次。采用石蜡切片技术，对二倍体雌性中华蜜蜂胚胎发育过程进行观察。【结果】根据胚胎发育过程中的形态特征，雌性中华蜜蜂胚胎发育过程划分为4个阶段：(1)卵裂期(0-12 h)，活质体迁移到卵的表面，呈双层排列；(2)胚盘形成期(12-28 h)，活质体排列为单层，并形成细胞膜；(3)胚层形成期(28-40 h)，侧板覆盖中板，两者在腹中线愈合；(4)胚胎器官系统形成期(40-68 h)。【结论】本研究明确了雌性中华蜜蜂胚胎发育过程的形态变化，进行了阶段划分并明确了各发育阶段的形态特征及对应的发育时间。本项研究结果有助于开展与蜜蜂胚胎发育的相关蜜蜂生态学、发育生物学、营养学等课题深入研究。

关键词: 中华蜜蜂, 胚胎发育, 卵裂, 胚盘, 胚层

Abstract: 【Aim】 This study aims to explore the embryonic development process of the female Eastern hive honey bee, Apis cerana cerana. 【Methods】 In the normally developed colony of A. c. cerana, the queen was restricted to the comb with worker cells for 1 h by the queen controller. The queen laid fertilized female eggs in the worker cells. Then the patch of comb with these eggs was cut off and incubated at the conditions of constant temperature 35±0.2℃ and RH 75%±5% in incubator. The newly obtained eggs laid by queen within 1 h were set as the age 0 h, and egg samples were collected every 4 h. The embryonic development of female A. c. cerana was observed by paraffin section based on female eggs. 【Results】 Based on the morphological characteristics, the embryonic development process of female A. c. cerana can be divided into four stages: (1) Cleavage (0-12 h), with energids moving to the surface of embryo in a doublelayer arrangement; (2) Formation of blastoderm (12-28 h), with energids arranged in a single layer and cytomembrane form; (3) Formation of germinal layers (28-40 h), with lateral plates covering the middle plate, and then two lateral plates coalescing together at the ventral midline; (4) Formation of organ systems (40-68 h). 【Conclusion】 In this study, the morphological changes of embryos of female A. c. cerana were identified, and the developmental stages and corresponding time were defined based on the morphological characteristics of each stage. The results of this study are helpful for the further study of honey bee ecology, developmental biology, and nutritional science related to embryonic development.

Key words: Apis cerana cerana, embryonic development, cleavage, blastoderm, germinal layer

朱翔杰, 徐新建, 周姝婧, 郝振帮, 陈琳, 周冰峰. 雌性中华蜜蜂胚胎发育组织形态观察[J]. 昆虫学报, 2020, 63(3): 285-293.

ZHU Xiang-Jie, XU Xin-Jian, ZHOU Shu-Jing, HAO Zhen-Bang, CHEN Lin, ZHOU Bing-Feng. Histomorphological observation of the embryonic development of female Apis cerana cerana (Hymenoptera: Apidae)[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2020, 63(3): 285-293.

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雌性中华蜜蜂胚胎发育组织形态观察

Histomorphological observation of the embryonic development of female Apis cerana cerana (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

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