南京溧水区三种生境地表蚂蚁群落结构特征及季节动态

doi:10.16380/j.kcxb.2023.06.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究南京溧水区3种生境地表蚂蚁群落多样性与季节动态变化趋势。【方法】于2020年8月-2021年7月在南京市溧水区设置农田、草地和人工林3种不同采样生境，进行了为期1年的季节性采样，调查了这3种生境地表蚂蚁群落的个体密度、物种数量、Simpson优势度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Jaccard相似性系数以及各指数的季节动态变化情况。【结果】2020年8月-2021年7月南京市溧水区农田地表蚂蚁优势种为草地铺道蚁Tetramorium caespitum(490头，占58.75%)、无毛凹臭蚁Ochetellus glaber(116头，占13.91%)和日本黑褐蚁Formica japonica(98头，占11.75%)；草地地表蚂蚁优势种为草地铺道蚁(427头，占58.17%)和布尼兰蚁Nylanderia bourbonica(110头，占14.99%)；人工林地表蚂蚁优势种为草地铺道蚁(240头，占27.18%)、日本黑褐蚁(121头，占13.70%)、夏氏尼兰蚁N. sharpii(98头，占1110%)和刻纹棱胸蚁Pristomyrmex punctatus(90头，占1019%)。不同生境地表蚂蚁群落的物种及个体数量差异显著，其中人工林地表采集到蚂蚁物种及个体数量最多(29种，883头)，草地地表采集到蚂蚁物种及个体数量最少(19种，734头)，方差分析结果表明，季节变化对该区域地表蚂蚁的物种数量和个体密度均产生了显著性影响，而生境变化对该区域地表蚂蚁的物种数量产生了显著性影响，对个体密度无显著性影响，但季节变化和生境变化对该区域地表蚂蚁的物种数量和个体密度都不存在交互效应。群落多样性分析显示，3种不同生境地表蚂蚁群落ShannonWiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数与Simpson优势度指数季节变化趋势基本一致，均呈先上升后下降的趋势，而Simpson优势度指数与Pielou均匀度指数的季节变化趋势基本相反。农田与草地、农田与人工林、草地与人工林地表蚂蚁群落的Jaccard相似性系数分别为073, 0.52和0.52，均属于中等相似水平，而不同月份之间地表蚂蚁群落Jaccard相似性指数较低，绝大部分均属于极不相似水平。【结论】南京溧水地表蚂蚁群落个体数和物种数较为丰富，地表蚂蚁群落结构受到生境类型变化和季节变化的显著影响，今后应注意加强在不同季节对该区域蚂蚁物种资源的保护力度。

关键词: 地表蚂蚁, 生境, 季节动态, 群落多样性, 群落相似性

Abstract: 【Aim】To investigate the diversity and seasonal dynamics of ground-dwelling ant communities in three habitats in Lishui District, Nanjing, East China.【Methods】A one-year seasonal sampling was conducted from August 2020 to July 2021 in three different sampling habitats (farmland, grassland and plantation forest) in Lishui District, Nanjing, and the individual density, species number, Simpson dominance index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou’s evenness index and Jaccard similarity coefficient of grounddwelling ant communities, and the seasonal dynamics of each index in these three habitats were investigated.【Results】During August 2020 to July 2021, the dominant species of ground-dwelling ants in farmland in Lishui District, Nanjing were Tetramorium caespitum (490 individuals, 58.75%), Ochetellus glaber (116 individuals, 13.91%) and Formica japonica (98 individuals, 11.75%), those in grassland were T. caespitum (427 individuals, 58.17%) and Nylanderia bourbonica (110 individuals, 14.99%), and those in plantation forest were T. caespitum (240 individuals, 27.18%), F. japonica (121 individuals, 13.70%), N. sharpii (98 individuals, 11.10%) and Pristomyrmex punctatus (90 individuals, 10.19%). The numbers of species and individuals in ground-dwelling ant communities varied significantly between habitats, with the highest numbers of species and individuals (29 species, 883 individuals) collected from plantation forest and the lowest numbers of species and individuals (19 species, 734 individuals) collected from grassland. The analysis of variance showed that seasonal changes had a significant effect on the number of species and individual density of ground-dwelling ants in this region, while habitat changes had a significant effect on the number of species and no significant effect on the individual density, but there was no interactive effect of both seasonal and habitat changes on the number of species and individual density of ground-dwelling ants in this region. The analysis of community diversity showed that the seasonal trends in the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou’s evenness index and Simpson dominance index of the ground-dwelling ant communities in the three different habitats were basically the same, with an increasing trend followed by a decreasing trend, while the seasonal trends of the Simpson dominance index and Pielou’s evenness index were basically opposite. The Jaccard similarity coefficients of the ground-dwelling ant communities between farmland and grassland, farmland and plantation forest, and grassland and plantation forest were 0.73, 0.52 and 0.52, respectively, which were moderately similar to each other, while those of the grounddwelling ant communities between different months were low, and most of them were extremely dissimilar. 【Conclusion】The numbers of individuals and species in the ground-dwelling ant communities in Lishui District, Nanjing are relatively rich, and the structure of the ground-dwelling ant communities is significantly influenced by habitat type changes and seasonal changes, so attention should be paid to strengthen the protection of ant species resources in the region in different seasons.

Key words: Ground-dwelling ant, habitat, seasonal dynamics, community diversity, community similarity

郭宗林, 蒋富国, 王亚璐, 陈潇奕, 王国兵. 南京溧水区三种生境地表蚂蚁群落结构特征及季节动态[J]. 昆虫学报, 2023, 66(6): 816-824.

GUO Zong-Lin, JIANG Fu-Guo, WANG Ya-Lu, CHEN Xiao-Yi, WANG Guo-Bing. Structural characteristics and seasonal dynamics of ground-dwelling ant communities in three habitats in Lishui District, Nanjing, East China[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2023, 66(6): 816-824.

[1]	李浩, 潘云飞, 杨龙, 宋博文, 李倩, 王兰, 陆宴辉. 农田景观格局对南疆枣园传粉昆虫群落多样性的影响[J]. 昆虫学报, 2022, 65(2): 208-217.
[2]	张翔, 高舒桐, 卢志兴, 陈又清. 区域变动尺度上不同生境类型及环境因子对西双版纳蝴蝶多样性的影响[J]. 昆虫学报, 2022, 65(1): 73-83.
[3]	刘雨芳, 杨荷, 阳菲, 谢美琦. 生境异质度对稻田捕食性天敌及水稻害虫的生态调节有效性[J]. 昆虫学报, 2019, 62(7): 857-867.
[4]	何云川, 杨贵军, 王新谱. 银川不同湿地陆生昆虫群落多样性与稳定性[J]. 昆虫学报, 2018, 61(12): 1439-1452.
[5]	田小燕, 宋福平, 张杰, 刘荣梅, 张兴鹏, 段江燕, 束长龙. 饲喂玉米秸秆的白星花金龟幼虫肠道细菌多样性[J]. , 2017, 60(6): 632-641.
[6]	潘卉, 陈秀芝, 吴捷, 张晶. 互花米草入侵对长江口九段沙湿地昆虫功能群组成特征及季节动态的影响[J]. 昆虫学报, 2017, 60(1): 67-83.
[7]	李振, 韩兰芝, 刘玉娣, 侯茂林. Bt杀虫蛋白处理后二化螟幼虫中肠细菌群落的变化[J]. 昆虫学报, 2016, 59(3): 292-300.
[8]	王涛, 任艳玲, 杨茂发,张润志. 贵州兴义实蝇类昆虫多样性特征[J]. , 2015, 58(5): 569-578.
[9]	张珏锋, 何月平, 陈建明. 不同抗药性水平二化螟幼虫中肠细菌群落多样性分析[J]. , 2013, 56(9): 1075-1082.
[10]	李立, 虞国跃, Tom J. MCAVOY, Richard C. REARDON, 吴云, Scott M. SALOM, 和景福. 斑翅肩花蝽生物学特性、生境及食性选择[J]. , 2011, 54(7): 800-808.
[11]	王建芳, 王新谱, 李秀敏, 刘桂霞. 不同土地利用方式对河北坝上步甲物种多样性的影响[J]. , 2010, 53(10): 1127-1134.
[12]	刘雨芳, 苏文杰, 曾强国, 刘文海, 万方浩, 彭梅芳, 王成超. 湖南湘潭地区空心莲子草叶甲自然种群的越冬虫态与越冬生境[J]. , 2010, 53(10): 1190-1194.
[13]	杜秀娟，任炳忠，吴艳光，宋丽文. 长白山北坡不同海拔及干扰程度下访花食蚜蝇群落的差异[J]. , 2009, 52(5): 551-560.
[14]	冀卫荣，胡俊杰，李友莲. 山西庞泉沟自然保护区步甲物种组成及多样性格局[J]. , 2008, 51(9): 953-959.
[15]	杨瑞，张雅林，冯纪年. 利用ENFA生态位模型分析玉带凤蝶和箭环蝶异地放飞的适生性[J]. , 2008, 51(3): 290-297.

南京溧水区三种生境地表蚂蚁群落结构特征及季节动态

Structural characteristics and seasonal dynamics of ground-dwelling ant communities in three habitats in Lishui District, Nanjing, East China

PDF (PC)

PDF (Mobile)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0