昆虫学报 ›› 2008, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (7): 778-783.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

油茶地蜂生活史及相关生物学习性

黄敦元,丁亮,张彦周,黄海荣,余江帆,郝家胜,朱朝东   

  • 出版日期:2008-07-20 发布日期:2008-07-20
  • 通讯作者: 郝家胜,朱朝东

Life history and relevant biological features of Andrena camellia Wu (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae)

HUANG Dun-Yuan   

  • Online:2008-07-20 Published:2008-07-20

摘要: 油茶地蜂Andrena camellia Wu 是江西、湖南等地油茶花期主要传粉昆虫之一。2006–2007年在江西宜春对油茶地蜂除成虫外各虫态的形态特征、生活史及幼虫和成虫的行为等生物学特性进行了观察研究。结果表明: 该蜂在江西宜春1年发生1代。成虫10月中旬开始出巢活动, 雄蜂早于雌蜂3 d左右出现,完成交尾后数日死亡,雄蜂出巢后寿命18 d左右,雌蜂约38 d。卵期约8 d。幼虫期24 d左右,幼虫取食完花粉球后长成老熟幼虫进入滞育期,滞育期约241 d。翌年9月中旬开始化蛹,蛹期约30 d。出土后的雌蜂当天就可以交配,交配后的雌蜂在羽化地点附近选址筑巢,采集油茶的花粉和花蜜于虫室中制成球形蜂粮并在上面产卵,每粒花粉球上产卵一枚。

关键词: 油茶地蜂, 油茶, 野生蜜蜂, 传粉生物学, 生活史, 行为

Abstract: Andrena camellia Wu is one of the major insect pollinators of Camellia oleifera found in Jiangxi and Hunan, China. In 2006-2007, we surveyed morphological features of all stages except adult, life history, and behaviour of both larvae and adults in Yichun, Jiangxi. The results indicated that this species occurs one generation a year in Yichun. Adults start to emerge in around middle October. Males normally emerge 3 days earlier than females, and die after copulation with females several days later. The life of males spans around 18 days after evacuating nests, while that of females 38 days. Larvae last 24 days or so, with pupae 30 days. Females can copulate with males at the same day as they emerge. They select localities to build their nests nearby where they emerge. Both pollens and nectar are carried into cells in the nest to make ball-like food for their offspring,and one cell for one ball-like food, and one ball for one egg.