Abstract: 【Aim】 This study aims to analyze the difference in the visual ability of Rhopalosiphum padi adults by comparing the external morphology of compound eyes of five different forms (winged virginoparae, wingless virginoparae, male, oviparae and gynoparae) 
and wingless virginoparaes from holocyclic and anholocyclic life cycles, so as to provide a basis for further exploring the reproductive transformation and host searching mechanism of R. padi. 【Methods】 The external morphology and types of compound eyes in holocyclic and anholocyclic wingless virginoparae of R. padi and adults of five forms produced by the holocyclic aphids at low temperature (12℃) and short photoperiod (8L∶16D) were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 【Results】 The compound eye of adult R. padi is oval and located at the base of antenna in the head, without s