Abstract: In this paper, the structure of the butterfly community and diversity in the fragmentary tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna area were studied. The total number of butterflies collected was 9 204 which consist of 10 families, 62 genera and 84 species. The main components of the butterfly community in the fragmentary tropical rainforestwere families Pieridae (genera Catopsilia and Pieris etc. ), Papilionidae (genera Papilio, Byasa etc. ), Nymphalidae (genera Argyreus and Polyura etc. ) and Statyridae (genera Melanitis and Ypthima). The diversities of the butterfly community at various sampleplots of the fragmentary tropical rainforest were different. It was maximum at the primary tropical rainforest, but minimum at the fragmentary tropical rainforest of Man E. The diversity, species richness and evenness of the butterflies were: the primary tropical rainforest ＞the fragmentary tropical of Cheng Zi ＞the fragmentary tropical rainforest of Botanical Garden＞the fragmentary tropical rainforest of Man E.

Key words: Xishuangbanna, fragmentary tropical rainforest, butterfly community structure, diversity