Abstract: The PCR technique with microsatellite primers was used to analyze the DNA polymorphism in different forms (mother of mating forms, mating female, male, fundatrix, apterous and alate virginoparae ) of the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii. The results showed that: 1. There existed a obvious genetic differentiation between sexual forms and parthenogenetic forms of the cotton aphid；2. Mother of mating forms had almost the same genetic relation to the mating female and male, suggesting that the mother of mating female also be the mother of male;3. Compared with virginoparae, the genetic relationship between fundatrix and the first generation of virginoparae (apterous) produced by fundatrix (apterous) was much close.

Key words: Aphis gossypii, forms, microsatellite primers, PCR, DNA polymorphism