Nine species of the genus Phebellia  Robineau-Desvoidy including four new species are found in China: Ph. agnatella Mesnil, Ph. aurifrons sp. nov., Ph. carceliaeformis (Villeneuve), Ph. clavellariae (Brauer & Bergenstamm), Ph. fulvipollinis sp. nov., Phebellia glauca (Meigen), Ph. Glaucoides Herting, Ph. latisurstyla sp. nov. and Ph. setocoxa sp. nov. Among them, Ph. clavellariae (Brauer & Bergenstamm), Ph. glauca (Meigen) and Ph. glaucoides Herting are recorded from China for the first time. New species are described and illustrated. A key for the known species of Phebellia Robineau- Desvoidy from China is provided.