Abstract: The aim of the present study was to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of Oedipodidae and to explore the differences of the results between the phylogenetic relationships and the tradition taxonomy. The ND2 gene complete sequences (1 023 bp) of 10 genera 16 species of Oedipodidae were amplified and sequenced. Nucleotides composition, transition and transversion of this gene were analyzed. By using Neighbor Joining (NJ), Maximum Parsimony (MP), Most Likehood (ML) and MrBayes (BI) methods, we reconstructed the molecular phylogeny of Oedipodidae based on ND2 gene sequence. The results indicated that average A+T content of ND2 gene in Oedipodidae was 74.6%, showing a strong A+T bias; Bryodema and Bryodemella were not separated in this study, so we considered it was appropriate to merge them as one subfamily; the status of Oedipodidae and Locustinae was still problematic.