昆虫学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (3): 312-322.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2019.03.005

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

疟疾媒介中华按蚊触角感器的扫描电镜观察

张静, 张晶晶, 史宗畔, 闫振天, 陈斌, 何正波*   

  1. (重庆师范大学昆虫与分子生物学研究所, 媒介昆虫重庆市重点实验室, 重庆 401331)
  • 出版日期:2019-03-20 发布日期:2019-03-14

Observation of antennal sensilla of the malaria vector Anopheles sinensis (Diptera: Culicidae) under scanning electron microscope

ZHANG Jing, ZHANG Jing-Jing, SHI Zong-Pan, YAN Zhen-Tian, CHEN Bin, HE Zheng-Bo*   

  1.  (Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, China)
  • Online:2019-03-20 Published:2019-03-14

摘要:

【目的】明确中华按蚊Anopheles sinensis雌成虫与幼虫触角感器的类型、形态和分布。【方法】利用光学显微镜观察中华按蚊成虫与幼虫触角的形态结构,利用扫描电镜观察触角上的感器类型、形态和分布。【结果】中华按蚊雌成虫触角由柄节、梗节和鞭节组成,鞭节有13个亚节。触角上共发现4种类型的感器,分别为毛形感器(锐型和钝型)、刺形感器(大型和小型)、锥形感器(Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型)和腔锥形感器(大型和小型)。雌成虫触角各类感器总计约1 135.67±86.75个,其中毛形感器数量最多(662.00±6.22个),随后是刺形感器(294.67±33.35个)和锥形感器(146.00±42.39个),腔锥形感器数量最少(36.50±5.90个)。毛形感器、刺形感器和锥形感器在鞭节的每个亚节均有分布,而大型腔锥形感器在第9-11亚节没有分布,小型腔锥形感器仅分布于第13节的顶端。幼虫触角的鞭节不分亚节,呈管状,触角末端有一个感觉锥,鞭节上分布有与成虫锥形感器相似的锥形凸起,初步定名为类锥形感器,其数量和大小随幼虫龄期的增长而显著增加,锥体表面的凹槽越来越明显,其功能还需要通过超微结构和电生理等研究进一步确定。【结论】本研究对中华按蚊幼虫和雌成虫触角感器的形态特征、类型、数量及其分布进行了观察和分析,结果为进一步研究中华按蚊感器的生理功能奠定了基础。

关键词: 中华按蚊, 触角, 形态, 感器, 超微结构, 扫描电镜

Abstract: 【Aim】 To determine the type, morphology and distribution of antennal sensilla of female adults and larvae of Anopheles sinensis. 【Methods】 The morphological structure of the antennae of female adults and larvae of An. sinensis were observed under optical microscope, and the types, morphology and distribution of sensilla were observed under scanning electron microscope. 【Results】 The female antennae of An. sinensis adults are comprised of basal scape, pedicel, and a long flagellum with 13 flagellomeres. Four types of sensilla, including sensilla trichodea (sharp- and blunt-tipped), sensilla chaetica (large and small), sensilla basiconica or grooved pegs (types I and II) and sensilla coeloconica (large and small), were found on the female antennae of adults. Averagely the flagellum is covered with 1 135.67±86.75 sensilla. Among them, sensilla trichodea are the most numerous sensilla type found on the flagellum (662.00±6.22), followed by sensilla chaetica (294.67±33.35), sensilla basiconica (146.00±42.39) and sensilla coeloconica (36.50±5.90). Sensilla trichodea, sensilla chaetica and sensilla basiconica are distributed on each flagellomere, while the large sensilla coeloconica were not found on the 9th-11th flagellomeres, and the small sensilla coeloconica were only found on the distal tip of flagellomere 13. There is only one tubular flagellomere on larval antennae with a terminal sensory cone. Many pegs similar to the sensilla basiconica of female adults were found on the tubular flagellum, which were tentatively named as sensilla basiconica-like. Their numbers and sizes dramatically increase with the larval instar, and the grooves along the surfaces gradually become obvious, but their functions need to be further determined through ultrastructural and electrophysiological analysis. 【Conclusion】 In this study the morphological characteristics, type, number and distribution of antennal sensilla of An. sinensis larvae and female adults were observed and analyzed. The results provide a basis for further investigating the physiological functions of the sensilla of An. sinensis.

Key words: Anopheles sinensis; antenna, morphology, sensilla, ultrastructure, scanning electron microscopy