昆虫学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (12): 1543-1551.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2023.12.001

• 研究论文 •    下一篇

尼日利亚Abeokuta发现的美洲大蠊代谢活性的昼夜变化(英文)

Concilia Ifesinachi IYEH1, Kehinde Olutoyin ADEMOLU2Adebola Adedoyin OSIPITAN2, Adewumi Babatunde IDOWU2Abiodun Oladipupo JODA3   

  1. (1.Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Federal University, 371104 Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria; 2.Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, Federal University of Agriculture, 111101 Abeokuta, Nigeria; 3.Deaprtment of Crop Production, Olabisi Onabanjo University, 120107 Ayetoro Campus, Nigeria)
  • 出版日期:2023-12-20 发布日期:2024-01-21

Circadian variation in the metabolic activities of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (Dictyoptera: Blaatidae) found#br# in Abeokuta, Nigeria (In English)

Concilia Ifesinachi IYEH1, Kehinde Olutoyin ADEMOLU2Adebola Adedoyin OSIPITAN2, Adewumi Babatunde IDOWU2, Abiodun Oladipupo JODA3   

  1. (1.Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Federal University, 371104 OyeEkiti, Nigeria; 2.Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, Federal University of Agriculture, 111101 Abeokuta, Nigeria; 3.Deaprtment of Crop Production, Olabisi Onabanjo University, 120107 Ayetoro Campus, Nigeria)
  • Online:2023-12-20 Published:2024-01-21

摘要: 摘要: 【目的】美洲大蠊Periplaneta americana通常被称为美洲蟑螂(American cockroach),利用其腿节肌和胸肌的运动能力进行各种活动,说明其可在各种生境中轻松活动和通过代谢活性利用每日高效活动所需的食物。对于美洲大蠊代谢活性的日变化模式我们知之甚少,本研究旨在调查美洲大蠊成虫胸肌和腿节肌中代谢物含量和酶活性的昼夜变化。【方法】 于当地时间6:00, 12:00, 18:00和24:00(格林威治标准时间6:00, 12:00, 18:00和24:00)收集美洲大蠊8日龄成虫腿节肌和胸肌进行实验,应用标准生物化学分析方法测定这些组织中4种酶(淀粉酶、脂酶、蛋白酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶)活性(这4钟酶在食物运输到肌肉过程中负责代谢食物或转化为可利用的物质,以及水解食物为昆虫运动提供能量,以及有机物 (葡萄糖、蛋白质和脂类) 和无机物[钠(Na+)、钾(K+)、钙(Ca2+)、氯(Cl-)、铁(Fe2+)、镁(Mg2+)和磷(PO3-4)]含量。【结果】 在整个24 h内,美洲大蠊8日龄成虫腿节肌和胸肌中均检测到淀粉酶、脂酶、蛋白酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶这4种酶活性,只是不同时间活性不同。腿节肌中淀粉酶、脂酶、蛋白酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶活性遵循如下规律:12:00>6:00>24:00>18:00,雌性中酶活性均高于雄性中的。胸肌中6:00和12:00淀粉酶、脂酶和蛋白酶活性显著高于18:00和24:00的,雌性中酶活性高于雄性中的。在雄成虫胸肌中,18:00葡萄糖含量显著高于其他时间点的, 18:00和24:00蛋白质含量高于6:00和12:00的,24:00脂含量显著高于其他时间点的;而在雌成虫胸肌中,12:00脂含量显著高于其他时间点的,12:00 和24:00蛋白质含量显著高于6:00和18:00的,24: 00葡萄糖含量显著高于其他时间点的。在腿节肌中,18:00脂含量显著高于其他时间点的。雄成虫腿节肌中,24:00葡萄糖含量显著高于其他时间点的,6:00蛋白质含量显著高于其他时间点的,而在雌成虫腿节肌中,24:00葡萄糖和蛋白质含量显著高于其他时间点的。在雄成虫胸肌中,18:00 Na+含量显著高于其他时间点的,6:00和12:00 K+和 Ca2+含量显著高于18:00 和24:00的,24:00 Cl-含量显著高于其他时间点的, 6:00, 18:00和24:00 PO3-4含量无显著差异,但显著高于12:00的;而在雌成虫胸肌中,6:00 Na+含量显著高于其他时间点的,12:00 K+, Ca2+ 和Cl-含量显著高于其他时间点的,各时间点PO3-4含量无显著差异。在雄成虫腿节肌中,12:00 Na+和 Ca2+含量显著高于其他时间点的,6:00 K+ 含量显著高于18:00和24:00的,6:00 Cl-和PO3-4含量显著高于其他时间点的,而在雌成虫腿节肌中,6:00 Na+和Cl-含量显著高于其他时间点的, 6:00, 12:00和18:00 K+和 Ca2+含量无显著差异,但显著高于24:00的,各时间点PO3-4含量无显著差异。【结论】 本研究结果说明,美洲大蠊成虫在活动高峰期,在运动所需的淀粉酶、脂酶、蛋白酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶的作用下具有代谢有机和无机物的能力。

关键词: 美洲大蠊, 酶, 腿节肌, 胸肌, 代谢活性, 有机物, 无机物

Abstract:  【Aim】 Periplaneta americana commonly known as the American cockroach carries out a wide range of activities with the help of locomotor abilities using its femoral and thoracic muscles, reflecting ease of movement in various habitats and that it is able to utilize food substances by the help of metabolic activities for effective daily activities. Little is known about variations in the daily pattern of metabolic activities in P. americana. This study was conducted to investigate the circadian variation in metabolite contents and enzyme activities in the thoracic and femoral muscles of adult P. americana. 【Methods】 The study was carried out by collecting the femoral and thoracic muscles of the 8-day-old aduts of P. americana at 6:00, 12:00, 18:00 and 24:00 local time [6:00, 12:00, 18:00 and 24:00 Greenwich mean time (GMT)]. The activities of four enzymes (amylase, lipase, proteinase and α-glucosidase) which are responsible for metabolizing or converting the food substances to utilizable substances during transport to the muscles and hydrolysis of the food substances necessary for fueling locomotion in insects, and the contents of the organic (glucose, protein and lipids) and inorganic [sodium (Na+), potasium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), chlorine (Cl-), iron (Fe2+), magnesium (Mg2+) and phosphate ion (PO3-4)] substances in these tissues were determined using standard biochemical analytical methods.【Results】 The activities of the four enzymes amylase, lipase, proteinase and α-glucosidase were detected in both femoral and thoracic muscles of P. americana adults throughout the 24 h but at varying activity levels at different time. The activities of amylase, lipase, proteinase and α-glucosidase tested in the femoral muscle followed this pattern: 12:00>6:00>24:00>18:00, and were higher in females than in males. In the thoracic muscle, the activities of amylase, lipase and proteinase at 6:00 and 12:00 were significantly higher than those at 18:00 and 24:00, and females had higher enzyme activities than males. In the thoracic muscles of adult males, the glucose content was significantly higher at 18:00 than at the other time points, and the protein contents at 18:00 and 24:00 were significantly higher than those at 6:00 and 12:00, and the lipid content was significantly higher at 24:00 than at the other time points, while in the thoracic muscles of adult females, the lipid content was significantly higher at 12:00 than at the other time points, the protein contents at 12:00 and 24:00 were significantly higher than those at 6:00 and 18:00, while the glucose content was significantly higher at 24:00 than at the other time points. In the femoral muscle, the lipid content was significantly higher at 18:00 than at the other time points. In the femoral muscle of adult males, the glucose content was significantly higher at 24:00 than at the other time points, and the protein content was significantly higher at 6:00 than at the other time points, while in the femoral muscle of adult females, the contents of glucose and protein were significantly higher at 24:00 than at the other time points. In the thoracic muscle of adult males, the Na+ content was significantly higher at 18:00 than at the other time points, the contents of K+ and Ca2+ in males at 6:00 and 12:00 were significantly higher than those at 18:00 and 24:00, the Cl- content was significantly higher at 24:00 than at the other time points, the PO3-4 contents at 6:00, 18:00 and 24:00 showed no significant difference, but were significantly higher than that at 12:00, while in the thoracic muscle of adult females, the Na+ content was significantly higher at 6:00 than at the other time points, while the contents of K+, Ca2+ and Cl- were significantly higher at 12:00 than at the other time points, and the PO3-4 contents at various time points were not significantly different. In the femoral muscle of the adult males, the contents of Na+ and Ca2+ were significantly higher at 12:00 than at the other time points, the K+ content was significantly higher at 6:00 than at 18:00 and 24:00, while the contents of Cl-  and PO3-4 were significantly higher at 6:00 than at the other time points, while in the femoral muscle of adult females, the contents of Na+ and Cl- were significantly higher at 6:00 than at the other time points, the contents of K+ and Ca2+ at 6:00, 12:00 and 18:00 exhibited no significant difference, while were significantly higher than that at 24:00, and the PO3-4 content exhibited no significant difference among various time points. 【Conclusion】 The results of this study suggest that P. americana adults possess the ability to metabolize their organic and inorganic substrates with the help of the enzymes amylase, lipase, proteinase and α-glucosidase for movement, during the peak time of activities.

Key words: Periplaneta americana, enzymes, femoral muscle, thoracic muscle, metabolic activity, organic substance, inorganic substance