›› 2018, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (4): 439-448.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2018.04.006

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

应用3D打印技术辅助识别昆虫脑解剖结构

陈秋燕, 常亚军, 郭倩倩, 苏冉冉, 王博, 贺静, 谢桂英, 赵新成*   

  1. (河南农业大学植物保护学院, 郑州 450002)
  • 出版日期:2018-04-20 发布日期:2018-04-20

Identification of insect brain neuropils aided with the application of 3D printer technology

CHEN Qiu-Yan, CHANG Ya-Jun, GUO Qian-Qian, SU Ran-Ran, WANG Bo, HE Jing, XIE Gui-Ying, ZHAO Xin-Cheng*   

  1. (College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)
  • Online:2018-04-20 Published:2018-04-20

摘要:  【目的】 明确烟芽夜蛾Heliothis virescens雄成虫脑的结构,构建和打印脑的三维模型,并将该技术扩展应用到黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster、西方蜜蜂Apis mellifera和沙漠蝗Schistocerca gregaria上,制作这些模式昆虫脑的3D打印模型。【方法】首先采用突触蛋白抗体免疫组织化学染色标记的方法研究烟芽夜蛾雄成虫脑的结构,利用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜获取脑解剖结构图像,利用图形分析软件创建三维脑模型,并利用3D打印技术进行三维图像打印。【结果】鉴定出烟芽夜蛾雄成虫脑及颚神经节、触角叶、视叶、前视结节、中央体和蕈形体等主要神经髓结构,并构建了三维数字化模型。首次成功应用3D打印技术打印了烟芽夜蛾雄成虫脑的三维数字化模型,获得实体模型。并将该技术进一步应用到黑腹果蝇、西方蜜蜂和沙漠蝗,获得了这些昆虫的脑实体模型。基于脑模型,对这些昆虫的味觉中枢、嗅觉中枢、视觉中枢和学习及记忆中枢等神经髓结构做了系统比较。【结论】3D打印模型为脑解剖结构的观察提供了新形式,并提供了便利工具。3D打印所得脑实体模型大小适中,可以放在手中,任意旋转,从不同角度观察昆虫脑不规则结构的形态、位置和空间关系,也便于比较不同昆虫脑结构异同,加深对昆虫脑结构和功能及其演化的认识。

关键词: 昆虫, 脑, 神经髓, 触角叶, 视叶, 蕈形体, 颚神经节, 三维模型, 3D打印

Abstract: 【Aim】 This study aims to identify the neuropil structure of the brain of male adult of Heliothis virescens, to reconstruct and print the three-dimensional brain models, and to use the established 3D printing protocol to print the brain models of Drosophila melanogaster, Apis mellifera and Schistocerca gregaria. 【Methods】 Immunohistochemical staining with a synaptic protein antibody was used to label the neuropil structures of H. virescens brain. The brain images were obtained by using a confocal laser scanning microscope, and the three-dimensional brain models were created by using imaging software and printed by using a 3D printer. 【Results】 The brain of male adult of H. virescens and its main neuropils including gnathal ganglion, antennal lobes, optic lobes, anterior optic tubercle, central body, and mushroom bodies were identified, and the digitalized three-dimensional brain models were created. For the first time, the three-dimensional brain models of male adult of H. virescens were printed by using a 3D printer and the digitalized models were transformed to the physical and solid models. Based on both digital and printed brain models of H.virescens and other three insects (D. melanogaster, A. mellifera and S. gregaria), the brain neuropils for the gustatory center, olfactory center, visual center, and the center for memory and learning were compared between these insect species. 【Conclusion】 The printed brain models offer a new form of brain visualization. The physical and solid insect brain models can be printed in desired size and be handled in hands for the visualization from any angles. The printed brain models facilitate the identification of neuropils and their spatial relationships, and the comparison for the equivalent structures in different insect species.

Key words: Insect, brain, neuropil, antennal lobe, optic lobe, mushroom body, gnathal ganglion, three-dimensional model, 3D printing