spalt major位于Wg/Wnt和Dpp信号通路下游调控豌豆蚜翅型分化

doi:10.16380/j.kcxb.2025.05.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】本研究旨在通过探究翅发育调控基因spalt major在豌豆蚜Acyrthosiphon pisum翅型分化中的作用，进一步揭示昆虫翅非遗传多型现象的分子机制。【方法】在实验室条件下用密度诱导孤雌生殖的无翅豌豆蚜产生高比例的有翅型后代并利用qRT-PCR检测Apsal的表达量。设计合成靶向豌豆蚜spalt major基因Apsal的dsRNA(dsApsal)，以及Apsal上游Wg/Wnt和Dpp信号通路基因Wnt-2(ApWnt2)和decapentaplegic(Apdpp)的dsRNA(分别为dsApWnt2和dsApdpp)。运用纳米载体介导的体壁渗透法干扰无翅母蚜和其初孵若蚜的Apsal, ApWnt2和Apdpp，记录有翅率，并利用qRT-PCR检测基因表达量。【结果】高密度处理豌豆蚜母蚜可以稳定诱导出超过80%的有翅后代；与单独饲养的无翅蚜相比，翅发育关键基因Apsal在密度诱导的有翅子代中表达量升高；与对照组(dseGFP)相比，dsApsal干扰Apsal表达造成有翅率显著降低；干扰上游基因ApWnt2和Apdpp的表达， Apsal的表达量降低。【结论】Apsal参与调控豌豆蚜翅型分化，其表达同时受Wg/Wnt和Dpp信号通路激活。本研究进一步揭示了蚜虫翅型分化的分子机制，为阻止蚜虫迁飞转移寄主提供了RNA防治的理论和技术依据。

关键词: 豌豆蚜, 翅型分化, Wg/Wnt信号通路, Spalt, RNAi

Abstract: 【Aim】 The aim of this study is to investigate the role of spalt major, a regulator of wing development, in wing differentiation of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, and to further reveal the molecular mechanism of non-genetic wing polyphenism in insects. 【Methods】 A high ratio of winged offspring was induced by density in the parthenogenetic wingless A. pisum under the laboratory conditions and the expression level of Apsal was detected by qRT-PCR. dsRNAs were synthesized, including dsApsal targeting spalt major gene (Apsal), dsApWnt2 targeting Wnt-2 (ApWnt2) and dsApdpp targeting decapentaplegic (Apdpp) in A. pisum. ApWnt2 and Apdpp are upstream of Apsal in the Wg/Wnt and Dpp pathways, respectively. Nanocarrier-mediated body wall penetration was used to interfere with Apsal, ApWnt2 and Apdpp in wingless female adults and their newly born nymphs, and then the ratio of winged morph was recorded, and the gene expression levels were analyzed by qRT-PCR. 【Results】 More than 80% of winged offspring of A. pisum could be stably induced by high density treatment on the female adults. The expression level of Apsal, a key gene in wing development, was increased in the winged offspring aphid induced by density as compared with that in the wingless solitarily bred aphid. Interfering the expression of Apsal by dsApsal resulted in a significant decrease of the ratio of winged morph compared with the control group (dseGFP). When the expression of upstream gene ApWnt2 or Apdpp was interfered, the expression level of Apsal decreased as compared with that in the control group (dseGFP). 【Conclusion】 Apsal regulates wing differentiation of A. pisum and is activated by both Wg/Wnt and Dpp signaling pathways. This study further reveals the molecular mechanism of aphid wing differentiation, providing theoretical and technical bases for RNAi-based pest management to prevent aphids from migrating to new hosts.

Key words: Acyrthosiphon pisum, wing differentiation, Wg/Wnt signaling pathway, Spalt, RNAi

陈锦华, 肖荷, 宗鑫, 沈杰, 王丹. spalt major位于Wg/Wnt和Dpp信号通路下游调控豌豆蚜翅型分化[J]. 昆虫学报, 2025, 68(5): 569-575.

CHEN Jin-Hua, XIAO He, ZONG Xin, SHEN Jie, WANG Dan. spalt major is downstream of Wg/Wnt and Dpp signaling pathways to regulate wing differentiation in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera: Aphididae)[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2025, 68(5): 569-575.

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spalt major位于Wg/Wnt和Dpp信号通路下游调控豌豆蚜翅型分化

spalt major is downstream of Wg/Wnt and Dpp signaling pathways to regulate wing differentiation in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

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