亚致死浓度下印楝素和苦皮藤素对亚洲玉米螟解毒酶活性的影响

doi:10.16380/j.kcxb.2025.09.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】本研究旨在明确植物源杀虫剂印楝素和苦皮藤素对亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis幼虫的亚致死效应及对其体内解毒酶活性的影响，探究亚洲玉米螟对这两种药剂的解毒机理。【方法】采用浸虫法测定印楝素和苦皮藤素对亚洲玉米螟3龄幼虫72 h内的毒力，采用酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA)测定不同亚致死浓度(LC₁₀, LC₂₀和LC₄₀)的印楝素和苦皮藤素处理亚洲玉米螟3龄幼虫6, 12, 24, 48和72 h后体内谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(glutathione S-transferase, GST)、羧酸酯酶(carboxylesterase, CarE)和细胞色素P450(cytochrome P450, CYP450) 3种解毒酶的活性。【结果】72 h内印楝素对亚洲玉米螟3龄幼虫的LC₁₀, LC₂₀和 LC₄₀值分别为0.352, 0.614和1.290 mg/L，苦皮藤素对亚洲玉米螟3龄幼虫的LC₁₀, LC₂₀和LC₄₀值分别为0.032, 0.086和0.321 mg/L。LC₁₀, LC₂₀和LC₄₀浓度印楝素处理对亚洲玉米螟3龄幼虫GST活性先抑制后诱导再抑制，其中LC₁₀浓度印楝素处理12 h对GST活性具有诱导作用； LC₁₀, LC₂₀和LC₄₀浓度印楝素处理亚洲玉米螟3龄幼虫对CarE和CYP450活性主要为抑制作用。LC₁₀, LC₂₀和LC₄₀浓度苦皮藤素处理对亚洲玉米螟3龄幼虫GST和CarE活性主要为抑制作用，对CYP450活性呈先抑制后诱导的趋势；而LC₁₀浓度苦皮藤素处理72 h对CYP450活性具有诱导作用。【结论】印楝素和苦皮藤素可以影响亚洲玉米螟的解毒代谢，对GST, CarE和CYP450活性的抑制作用是其具有杀虫活性的原因之一。亚洲玉米螟GST可能对低浓度(LC₁₀)印楝素有一定代谢作用， CYP450可能对低浓度(LC₁₀)苦皮藤素有一定代谢作用。

关键词: 亚洲玉米螟, 印楝素；苦皮藤素, 亚致死浓度, 谷胱甘肽S转移酶, 羧酸酯酶, 细胞色素P450

Abstract: 【Aim】This study aims to make clear the sublethal effects of the botanical insecticides azadirachtin and celangulin on Ostrinia furnacalis larvae and their effects on the activities of detoxification enzymes, so as to explore the detoxification mechanism of O. furnacalis on these two pesticides. 【Methods】The toxicity of azadirachtin and celangulin to the 3rd instar larvae of O. furnacalis in 72 h was analyzed by dipping method. The 3rd instar larvae of O. furnacalis were exposed to sublethal concentrations (LC₁₀, LC₂₀ and LC₄₀) of azadirachtin and celangulin for 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, and the activities of three main detoxification enzymes including glutathione S-transferase (GST), carboxylesterase(CarE) and cytochrome P450(CYP450) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 【Results】 TheLC₁₀, LC₂₀ and LC₄₀ values of azadirachtin against the 3rd instar larvae of O. furnacalis in 72 h were 0.352, 0.614 and 1.290 mg/L, respectively, and those of celangulin against the 3rd instar larvae of O. furnacalis in 72 h were 0.032, 0.086 and 0.321 mg/L, respectively. After the 3rd instar larvae of O. furnacalis were exposed to LC₁₀, LC₂₀ and LC₄₀ of azadirachtin, the GST activity was firstly inhibited, then induced, and finally inhibited, and 12-h exposure to LC₁₀ of azadirachtin had an induction effect on the GST activity. LC₁₀, LC₂₀ and LC₄₀ of azadirachtin mainly inhibited the activities of CarE and CYP450. After the 3rd instar larvae of O. furnacalis were exposed to LC₁₀, LC₂₀ and LC₄₀ of celangulin, the activities of GST and CarE were mainly inhibited, and the CYP450 activity was firstly inhibited and then induced, while 72-h exposure to LC₁₀ of celangulin had an induction effect on the CYP450 activity. 【Conclusion】Azadirachtin and celangulin can affect the detoxification metabolism of O. furnacalis, and the inhibition of azadirachtin and celangulin on the activities of GST, CarE and CYP450 in O. furnacalis is one of the reasons for their insecticidal activity, GST only plays a certain role in metabolism on low concentration (LC₁₀) of azadirachtin and CYP450 only plays a certain role in metabolism on low concentration (LC₁₀) of celangulin.

Key words: Ostrinia furnacalis, azadiractin, celangulin, sublethal concentrations, glutathioneStransferase, carboxylesterase, cytochrome P450

王晓曦, 王宇, 王克勤, 刘兴龙. 亚致死浓度下印楝素和苦皮藤素对亚洲玉米螟解毒酶活性的影响[J]. 昆虫学报, 2025, 68(9): 1261-1269.

WANG Xiao-Xi, WANG Yu, WANG Ke-Qin, LIU Xing-Long. Effects of sublethal concentrations of azadirachtin and celangulin on the activities of detoxification enzymes in Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2025, 68(9): 1261-1269.

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亚致死浓度下印楝素和苦皮藤素对亚洲玉米螟解毒酶活性的影响

Effects of sublethal concentrations of azadirachtin and celangulin on the activities of detoxification enzymes in Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

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