The interaction between the changes of some chemicals (amino acids andsecondary metabolites) in damaged pine needles and the population parameters of pine caterpillars, Dendrolimus punctatus Walker, was explored in this paper. The results showed that: (1) less amino acids and more tannins and phenolics were detected to change in pine needles after fed by pine caterpillar; (2) slower development, lighter weight, less fecundity, high mortality and higher activity of detoxification enzymes (peroxidase and carboxylesterase activity) were found in pine caterpillar population as fed ondamaged pine needles.

Experiments were carried out with the pure-bred strains of both macropterous (M) and brachypterous (B) brwn planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) in order to know the effects of parents, rice growth stage and population density on the wing dimorphism. Under the same laboratory rearing condtion, the Fl progenies of B ♀×♂.B♀×M♂、M♀×B♂ and M♀×M♂provided 98%o. 92% 64% and 29% brachyptery adults respectively, and the ariance between each other was significant. At the density of more than 10 nymphs per plant, the percentages of both female and male macroptery adults whose nymphs were reared on yellow maturity rice were higher than those onmilk-filling stage rice. In single rear experiment, most of the female individuals turned out to be brachyptery, while males were dominated by macroptery, regardless of their parents and rice growth stage. Conclusion can be made from our studies that the wing dimorphism is controlled by a sex related gene expression regulation system affected bymany factors.

In this paper, the calling songs of kaempfer cicada Platypleura kaempferi(Fabricius) distributing in the western suburbs of Beijing (BX), Xian (Shaanxi)(SX), Mt. Emei (Sichuan) (SE), Weifang (Shandong) (SW), Fuzhou (Fujian)(FF) and Yangling (Shaanxi) (SY) are analyzed. The natural calling songs from thesed ifferent regions all have a high tide sound "Zhi… ', a characteristics of single amplitude modulation of pluses, and the principal frequencies of high tide sound (6 433=375Hz) are the same on the whole. These indicate the specificity of the species. But the fundamental frequencies of high tide sound and the quality factors (Q_3dB) of principalfriquencies show some differences between populations from different regions. The fundamental frequencies of SW and FF are 450 Hz and 650 Hz respectively and the quality factors of principal frequency are lower, showing some regional differences. Especially the fundamental frequency of SY is raised to 800 Hz, namely, the differences between regions are more obvious.

In this paper, the toxicities of seven quinolizidine alkaloids from Sophora alopecuroids against turnip aphids and their effects on several esterases were studied. The results showed that one of the alkaloids cytisine is highly effective against the insect than anabasine and nicotine which are famous aphidcides. The median lethal concentrations of the alkaloids against the apterous aphid are 432.59, 684.70 and 1 090.65 mg/L respectively, 48 h after treatment by dipping method. By means of colorimetry the activities of some esterases treated with the alkaloids were studied. The results indicated that the alkaloids could inhibit activity of acetylcholinesterases (ACHE), the effectiveness of inhibiting AChE is: total alkaloids from the plant＞cytisine＞sophoraminesophoradine＞sophocarpine＞oxymatrine＞matrine＞aloperine. Cytisine and aloperine inhibit the activity of a-NA esterase, a-NA carboxylesterase and esterase isozyme as well.

The paper studies the date of diapause termination and relationship between postdiapause development and temperatures in overwintering pupae of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner), under both natural and controlled conditions in Nanjing. The results show that, in the area, overwintering pupae end diapause in about mid-December and subsequently remain in quiscence from late December to early March when spring temperatures are below the threshold for development. Postdiapause development resumes in mid-March and eyespots move gradually from late March to early April when temperatures reach about 10℃- 412℃. It was also found that, during postdiapause development, pupae show great differences in development rate, temperature threshold and protein concentration in haemolymph in the stage previous to eyespots movement, compared with the stage following eyespots movement and nondiapausing pupae.

In the present paper, 11 morphometric characters of Oxya chinensis from Chang An and Han Zhong areas of Shaanxi Province were studied by means of PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and DA (Discriminate Analysis) . On the plane constructed by the 1st and 2nd axis of PCA, the individuals from the two locations are separated clearly into two groups along the 1st axis. In addition, the two populations aredifferent sighificantly in many biological aspects: the number of eggs contained in an egg-capsule, the size of eggs, the oxygen consumption rate during embryonic development, the threshold and effective accumulative temperatures of egg development. Taking the geographical barrier (the Qingling Mountain) into consideration, we suggest that the rice grasshopper has evolved into two separate geographic races in Chang An and Hang Zhong areas. Because it is difficult to identify the two populations by using the traditional morphometric methods, two discriminate functions are established for discriminating the races of female and male individuals respectively: V (female)=-11.67+195.44H+1.91E/F+8. 66MX+22.80F/C+O. 34P-3. SOMZ - 102.76H/C -42.51F. V (male) =-17.06+30.18MZ+4.31F. Here is V (female or male)〈0, the individual belongs to Chang An population, otherwise, it is subordinate to Han Zhong race.

Proreus simulas (Still) is a predatory natural enemy effective in the control of pests in reed fields. The biological characters and predation to Melanaphis sp. Of the chalisochids have been studied. The adult and third and fourth instar nymphs of the earwig hibernate on the remained reed stems and leaves, or in the soil chinks. At about (22.47+0.47)℃, the average incubation period of the eggs is 8.42 days. There are three moults or four instars in the larvae. At the laboratory temperatures, the averagedevelopment periods of the first instar, second instar, third instar and fourth instar nymphs are 8.7, 4.28, 4.03, and 10.95 days, respectively. The adults and nymphs of the chalisochids prey upon some species of insect pests occurring in reed fields, such as:Oligonychus sp. , Melanaphis sp. , Baliothrips serratus, first instar nymphs of Dimorphiters spinolae and first instar larvae of Chiloniponella. At the laboratory temperatures, the number of eggs laid per female after hibernation at the first oviposition and the second oviposition varies from 24 to 34 and from 19 to 48, respectively, while that at third oviposition varies from 24 to 34. The preying activing of the chalisochids reach-es a greatest attacking rate at 28℃. The average number of aphids eaten by an earwig in one day increases with the stadium of the larva and reaches the maximum at 4th instar, which approximates to that of an adult, the functional responses of 1-4 instar nymphsand adults are found to be Holling II type. By these investigations, the authors believe that the earwig, Proteus simulas, is a valuable predator for pest control and have put forward a proposal about the protection and utilzation of this natural enemy.

This paper deals with the morphology of the larvae of Frontopsylla spadix spadix (Jordan et Rothschild. 1921) and a comparison is made to differentiate it from the larvae of F. elatoides intermedia, F. aspiniformis and F. frontalis baibacina.The diagnostic characters ot the larvae of the four flea species or subspecies are compared and tabulated as following:

The present paper describes 3 new species and 2 new subspecies, viz: Colophina arctica Zhang et Qiao sp. Nov. , Tetraneura polychorema Zhang, sp. Nov. and T. ulmicema Zhang, sp. Nov. , KaltenbachieUa pallida dongtaiensis Zhang, ssp. Nov. and Tetraneura capitatatus agropyricena Zhang, ssp. Nov. All the type specimens are desposited in the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica.

In the present paper, a new species of genus Lygocoris Reuter from Gansu Province is described. Type specimens are all deposited in the Department of Biology,Nankai University.

This paper deals with the genus Dischissus Bates from China.One of the species is described as new to science, and another is first recorded in China. A key to the species is given. All type specimens are deposited in the Insect Collections of South China Agricultural University.

The present paper describes a new species of the genus Phaonia R. -D. ,collected from Shanxi Province. The type specimen is deposited in the Institute of Endemic Disease Control of Datong City, Shanxi Province.

This paper deals with a new record genus, Paramesembrius Shiraki, and a new species, Paramesmbrius beuus sp. Nov.. Type specimen is deposited in the Insect Section of South China Agricultural University.

The heat shock response is a general property of all living organisms. Both heat shock response and heat shock proteins (HSPs) exist in cells and the role of heat shock proteins acts as molecular chaperones. Heat shock response was first recognized in insects. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a brief history of the research on heat shock proteins and to update progress with emphasis on two aspects, namely: the structure of heat shock genes and the transcriptional control of heat shock genes in insects; the expression models, the properties of heat shock proteins, the intracellular location of HSPs in cells and the role of heat shock proteins as molecular chaprones. Ingeneral, the study of heat shock response and heat shock proteins goes through five stages. Heat shock genes that are classified into three main distinct groups characterized by sequence homology are considerably conservative. Heat shock genes in insects are controlled by the heat shock transcription factors. Most heat shock proteins are synthesized at normal conditions, but their syntheses significantly increase at heat shock or other stress conditions. The syntheses also change with the development stages and sorts of tissues. The intracellular location of HSPs varies according to HSPs themselves and the condition that the cells are in. Heat shock proteins act as molecular chaperones to regulate protein folding, protein translocation, assembly and disassembly. The synthesis of the heat shock proteins is correlated with the acquired thermotolerance and maybe used in gene engineering and has beneficial therapeutic effects on tumor treatments.