The relationships were described in this paper between the Electrical Penetration Graphs (EPGs) of greenhouse whitefly,Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood),and its probing, feeding and ovipositing activities. The potential application of this method in interpretating the resistance mechanisms against whitefly was also discussed.For whitefly adults, the A pattern and C pattern represent the probing initiation on the leaf surface and probing process in the mesophyll. The G pattern indicates xylem drinking and the E(pd), (1) & (2) are two different activities in sieve element and thus relate to phloem ingestion. Moreover, oviposition can be observed from EPG recordings, consisting of two subpatterns termed as Ovi-I and Ovi-II. For whitefly larvae, the H pattern indicates phloem ingestion but L pattern not, though still in sieve element. A procedure of styler withdrawal and repenetration occurs before and after moulting.

The catalase (CAT) activity of haemolymph in the silkworm, Bombyxmori (L.) exhibited a regular dynamic change through the larva-pupa-moth development. During larval stage, the CAT activity in any instar was higher at early and late stage than at middle stage; after pupation, the CAT activity rised rapidly and reached a peak at 48-96 h, then declined drastically until eclosion. The CAT activity of the male was higher than that of the female. There was great variation of CAT activity among silkworm races. Artificial diet could also affect CAT activity as compared with that fed on mulberry leaves. Both high temperature shock and fluoride solution administration could cause great change in CAT activity and the degree of change varied with silkworm race, sex, stage and administration dose. In view of above, it reveals that the CAT activity is closely related to larval develgpment, metamorphsis, as well as body metabolism, and the change of CAT activity under adverse conditions could be taken asone of the most important physiological index for larval resistance.

Fourteen novel silicon-containing derivatives 3 of 1-methylthioethylideneamino methylcarbamate (Methomyl) were synthesized and their insecticidal and antiacetylcholinesterase activities were also determined. Results showed compounds 3 have a high insecticidal activity against armyworm (Mythimna separata Walker) at 50μg/mL . Most of them have an anti-acetylcholinesterase activity nearly equal to the parent Methomyl 1 when Periplaneta mericana was used as testing insect.

By applying cluster analysis of karyotype resemblance-near coefficientsλ), we have studied the phylogenetic relation of Oxcya hyla intricata, O. agavisa, O.Shanghaiensis , O. adentata , O. chisensis , O. japonica, Atractomorpha sinensis , A. pergrinaand Tetrix japonica. Results show that the 9 locust species can be roughly divided into three categories: Oxya, Atractomorpha and Tetrix. For the 60xya species, their karyotype resemblance-near coefficients (λ,) range from 0.9610 to 0.5695. For the two Atractomorpha, the 3. Is 0.5867. For T. Japonica and the other locusts it ranges from0.5318 to 0.0322. The cluster figure reflects objectively that they are consistent to their phylogenetic relation and the result of the morphological systematics. From the evolution of the karyotypes of the 9 locust species, we consider that Tetrix japonica is themost ancient type, Atractomorpha is also of early differentiation and Oxay is of the most recent evolutional type.

Greenbug Schizaphis graminum is an equally important pest of wheat in China as it is in the United States. The occurrence of greenbug biotypes is well-documented and ten biotypes (from A to J) have been identified in USA. However, the biotype study of greenbug in China is still very rare by now. The objectives of this study are:(1) to characterize the virulence of greenbug in Beijing area, and (2) to determine whether the Beijing biotype is different from the previously reported ones. As a set of standard differential hosts, major plant sources of greenbug resistance were evaluated against field collections of Beijing greenbug between 1996 and 1997, and seedling plant damage was rated on a 1 to 6 scale, where l=no damage, and 6=dead plant. The patterns of aphid-feeding damage on differential hosts were rated as: Wheat DS 28A (gb₁)=6, Amigo (Gb₂) =1, Largo (Gb₃) =2, CI17959 (Gb₄) =6, CI17882 (Gb₅) =3,GRS1201 (Gb₆)=3.5, Oats CI1580= 1, and Rye Insave= 1. Compared with damage patterns caused by any previously described biotypes, Beijing greenbug population is revealed clearly to be a new biotype, and is hereby designated as biotype CHN-1.

The interaction between the aphid-specific entomophthoralean fungus, Pandora neoaphidis, and the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, was investigated in computercontrolled growth chambers at regimes of varying temperature and photoperiod simulating different seasonal patterns in an attempt to reveal the potential preadapting behaviorof the fungus for overwintering. Based on the fitting of the time-dose-mortality model to the experimental data, the time-dose effect pattern was found to be similar between the photoperiods of 16 ∶ 8 and 11: 13 (L ' D) at 20℃, but was significantly different between the constant and daily varying temperatures (5.4-18.9℃ at the rate of 0.56℃per 30 min) and also between the above photoperiods at the same varying temperature.With the varying temperature treatment, the mean incubation time of the fungus on the host (I. E. , mean lethal time postinoculation) was 15.14 d for 8 h of light, 15.19 d for 9.5 h, 11.79 d for 11 h, 13.33 d for 11.5 h, 11.73 d for 12 h, and 9.21 d for 16 h, respectively. This displayed a significantly negative correlation (a=15.58, b=- .93,r²=0.78,p＜0.01). However, the mean incubation periods were nearly identical for 11and 16 h of light at 20℃ (5.85 d and 5.97 d). Abnormal hyphal bodies of the fungus were not found during microscopic examination of all cadavers from all the regimes of temperature and photoperiod. The fungus maintained its infectivity to the host at all theregimes considered and had no preadapting behavior to overwintering. However, the short photoperiods were found to decrease the mean incubation time at the varying temperature that simulated a late autumn or early winter pattern.

The duration of development, hatch rate, survival and fecundity of Tetranychus kanzawai were investigated by keeping the mites individually in the Constant temhumidity cabinets of 15℃ and 80% RH, 20℃ and 75% RH, 25℃ and 70%, 30℃ and 65% RH, and 35℃ and 60% RH respectively. The results showed that under 35℃ and 60% RH the mites exhibited the shortest generation (6.23±0.44) days. The average number of eggs laid per day by an adult was 7.18-t-1.56 with the highest number of 13.95± 3.72, and the oviposition period was (9.65±1.53) days, being the shortest. Under this condition, the hatch rate of eggs and the survival rate of young mites were 72.4% and 84. 5% respectively. While under the condition of 15℃ and 80% RH the mites had the longest generation (27.49±2.33) days, the mean number of eggs laid per day was 2.04±0.55, with the highest of 5±1.21, and the longest oviposition period was (28.4±4.06) days. The hatch rate of eggs and the survival rate of young mites were 85.6% and 97.0% respectively. It is manifested that the development of mites isinfluenced by both temperature and humidity. The mites developed faster under 35℃ but slower at 15℃, the optimal temperature for their development is considered to be within 25-30℃.

The morphology and taxonomical characteristics of the adult,egg,larva and pupa of Pealius mori (Takahashi) were studied. This paper deals with the length, body colour, antenna, ocelli, oculi, mouth parts, wings, legs and genitalia of the adult. The shape, size, body colour, the seta of body margin, antenna, gnathite, legs, vasiformorifice, operculum, lingula and furrow on each instar larva and pupa were described in great detail. The morphological characters of the egg were also given. The differences in morphological features between Pealius mori (Takahashi) and Bemisia myricaeKuwana were compared.

This paper deals with descriptions on male, deutonymph and protonymph of Cosmolaelaps yeruiyuae Ma, 1995.Cosmolaelaps yeruiyuae Ma, 1995

This paper reports a new species of the genus Asonus Yin, 1982 from Sichuan Province in western China. Holotype is preserved in the Chongqing Natural History Museum, Sichuan, China.

This paper deals with a new species of Nephus Mulsant (Scymnini, Coccinellidae) from Minqin County, Wuwei City, Gansu Province. The type specimens are deposited in the South China Agricultural University.

This paper reports 1 new species of the gigantulus group of the genus Bledius Leach from Sichuan, China. Key to the known species is given. The type specimens are deposited in the Department of Biology, Sichuan Teachers College.

The genitalia of male Agrotis ypsilon Rott. Originated from the eighth abdominal segment is supported by 5 pairs of muscles. It has fully functional clasper and pleurite in the ninth abdominal segment. There are eight pairs of muscles in the genitalia. There are a pair of think nerve trunks named 9+10+11 rising as the lateral nerves of the ninth, tenth and eleventh primitive abdominal ganglions. The muscles of the male genitalia are innervated by the nerve branches of the nerve trunks.

In this paper a new species of the genus Conganteon Benoit from China is described, and a key to the species of world females of Conganteon is made as well.Type specimen is deposited in Zhejiang Agricultural University.

Three species have been reported in the genus Pion Schiodte, 1838. This paper reports a new one of the genus from China.

The present paper describes a new species of the genus Fannia R. -D. 1830, collected from Shanxi Province, China. The type specimen is deposited in the Institute of Endemic Disease Control of Datong City, Shanxi Province.,

Five speices of Simuliidae, Simulium (Eusimulium) aureohirtum Brunetti,1911, S. (Simulium ) quinquestriatum (Shiraki, 1935) S.(Gomphostilbia ) pingxiangense An & Hao, 1990, S.(S.) shangchuanense sp. Nov. , S.(S.) spoonatum sp. Nov. were collected from Shangchuan Island, Guangdong Province, China. Both adult and pupal stages of the new species are described in this paper. All the specimens are kept in the Medical Entomological Specimen Building, Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing.

This paper reports one new genus and five new species of Phyllocoptinae,the length unit is in micron. All type specimens are deposited in Nanjing Agricultural University.

The feeding of herbivores induces plant to release special blends of volatilesguiding natural enemies to herbivores. This can prevent plant from severe damage, and is called "plant indirect defence". Since its discovery by Marcel Dicke in 1988, the research on herbivore-induced volatiles (HIV) has been paid with great attentions all over the world, and a good number of investigations have been reported. According to them, this paper summarizes that: (1)HIV is induced by herbivores feeding on plant and different from green leave odour, (2) HIV is emitted systematically several hours after herbivores begin injuring, displaying diurnal rhythm similar to the natural enemies' foraging behaviour, (3)HIV generally contains several kinds of terpenoids, (4)specificity of HIV is much lower when different herbivores damage the same plant than when the volatiles are released by plant of different species and cultivars. Additionally the function and induction mechanism of HIV are fully discussed.