Observation were made on the morphology of antennal sensilla ofAphis glycines using scanning electron microscopy. Apterae have antennal sensilla similar to those of the alatae. A group of four, stout and often blunt-ended hairs appear at the tip of the antenna. A flattened sense organ (primary rhinarium) is located on the fifth antennal segment and that on the sixth segment there are four sensilla coeloconica and two sensilla placodea. They are ringed with a fringe of cuticle of which the finger-like extensions might function as a protective sieve against the entry of undesirable particles. Secondary rhinaria consist of sensilla placoidearesembling that on the fifth antennal segment, but without the elaborate fringe. Alatae differ even more markedly from apterae by possession of several to many secondary rhinaria on the flagellum. There were many secondary rhinaria on the third and the fourth, even the fifth segment in male A. glycines. The olfactory site of tested chemicals were analyszed by making use of EAGtechnique. It is demonstrated that primary rhinarium on the sixth antennal segment in slate virginoparae responds to terpene derivatives (their alcohols, aldehydes and esters), but not to terpene hydrocarbons, while the rhinarium on the fifth segment responds to terpene hydrocarbons and not to terpene derivatives. Green leaf volatiles and aromatic compounds were perceived by primary rhinaria on both segments, but the intensities of olfactory responses to the chemicals in each rhinarium are different. Besides the primary rhinaria on the two segments, receptor cells which responded strongly to (E)-2-hexenal and l-hexanal were found on other sensilla, which might be the trichodea (lima) and the small placodea (0.8 μm) on the fifth segment. However, there was no direct electrophysiological evidence for it. Primary rhinarium on the sixth segment consists of main olfactory receptors for 3-octen-l-ol; moreover, trichodeum and small placodeum on the some segment might also contribute to the sensory response to 3-octen-l-ol. Primary rhinarium on the sixth egment: was proved to be the sensory site for (E)-β-farnesene in slate and apterous virgenoparae. Caryophyllene, which is an inhibitor of alarming pheromone, and (E)-β-farnesene could evoke a weak response in the secondary rhinaria on the third segment, and the primary rhinarium in apterous virginoparae.

The male pine caterpillar moth Dendrolirnus punctatus (Walker) hasa pair of feather-like antennae. The trichoid sensilla are arranged on the inner side (windward side) surface of the antennal stem and branch in each flagella segment. Each trichoid sensillum consists of a cuticular hair, three sensory neurons and three auxiliary cells–thecogen, trichogen and tormogen cells which are arranged in concentric array and serve as the envelope of the neurons. The hair wall is penetrated by many pores. The lumen of the hair is filled with sensillum fluid within which the dendrites of the neurons are immersed. As having proved by single cell recording in the insects of the same family, most likely the trichoid sensillure might possibly be responsible for perception of female produced sex pheromone and thus for the orientation in mating.

This study shows that there is an increase in oxygen consumption of the adults of Tyrophagus putrescentiov (Schrank) when the concentration of ambient carbon dioxide rises from 0% to 8% and to 16%. But further increase in the carbon dioxide concentration up to 32% and 64% causes the decrease of the oxygen consumption of the tested mites. In mixed fumigation with 0%, 8%, 16%, 32%,64% CO2 and 0.5mg/1 PH3, the uptake of phosphine is 1.11±0.92, 1.19±0.56,5.14±1.13, 1.60±1.80, 8.08±0.85μg/hr·g respectively. The uptake of phosphine was found to increase with increase of phosphine concentration at the same concentration of carbon dioxide. However, the uptake did not increase markedly when the concentration of phosphine (0.05mg/1, 0.45mg/1) was multiplied. The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments led to the conclusions that phosphine inhibits the activity of cytochrome C oxidase and catalase, but a lower inhibitory effect on cytochrome C oxidase can be detected in in vivo experiments and theinhibition can be kept I week after exposure to the fumigant. The catalase was inhibited markedly in tested mites poisoned with phosphine and the inhibition was kept 2 weeks after exposure to the fumigant. In addition, the mode of action of phosphine and the role of CO, are discussed.

The mode of inheritance of resistance to fenvalerate in cotton bollworm, Hellcoverpa armigera(Htibner), was evaluated from log dosage-probit mortality curves constructed from the response of third instar larvae to fenvalerate treatment.The insects ased for the study were taken from laboratory reared susceptible and resistant strains; the resistant strain exhibited over 2000-fold resistance to fenvalerate as compared with the susceptible strain. The results of genetic analysis indicated that fenvalerate resistance in cotton bollworm appeared to be controlled by two or more autosomal genes and the major gene (s) involved was incompletely dominant. Synergism of PBO revealed that MFO was mainly responsible for the resistace, so the MFO gene was incompletely dominant.

The effect on development of resistance in the housefly Musca domestica vieina Macquart on deltamethrin alone and mixtures of deltamethrin and phoxim by continuous selection was studied in the laboratory. All mixtures markedly lowered the level of resistance than deltamethrin or phoxin applied alone and no notable changes in sensitivity were observed even after selection for 18 generations. The suppressive effect was due to reduction of selection pressure of each insecticide in the comb ination on respective generations and synergistic action between deltamethrin and phoxim in the mixture. The most effective combination of deltamethrin and phoxim was found to be l:l(w/w) for deltamethrin resistance strain and l:1000(w/w) for phoxim resistance strain. All strains of the housefly selected by the mixture displayed almost no resistance to the initial single insecticide, either deltamethrin or phoxim. The metabolic mechanism of selected strains of house fly was investigated through testing the activities of detoxification enzyme and ACHE.

According to the characteristics of occurrences of the three insect pests Sogatella furcifera, Cnaphalocrocis rnedinalis, Nilaparvata lugens in Jianghua rice district, their combined infestations and effects on grain growth of rice werestudied in paddy field and cement pool with cage by random plot design of complete combination in 1991-1992. Weights of the strong grain and the weak grain were determined once every four days from heading to harvesting. The growth equation, W=K was used to describe the grain growth process of each treatment.From first, second and third order derivatives of the equation, some parameters were derived as follows: a Bk Kbe' * ~-~,Vm,x~ '4- 'dr =tz-tl,CT-Vm~,. ('2-*l),R0'== (1 -t- e~)2where t=turning point of growth curve, V_max=maximum growth rate, △_t=activegrowth stage, (grain growth becomes slow before t₁ and after t₂), GT= cumulative weight of dried content in active growth stage, and R₀=initial growth power. Effects of combined infestation of the pests on the strong and the weak grain growth were analysed by these parameters. The results of analysis of variance showed that interaction effects were also significant in addition to the main effects of the combined infestations on yield which were significant. This indicated that the combined infestations of the pests caused economic damage even though density of each species was below economic threshold. Values of V_max GT t and K decreased as the infestattlons aggravated. Moreover, the result of analysis also showed the effect of the infestation on the weak grain being greater than that on the strong grain.

The flight capacity and fecundity of adult Mythimna seperata Walker as affected by larval rearing density under 5 regimes (1, 10, 20, 30 and 40 larvae/850 ml-jar) were investigated in the laboratory. The flight capacity, based on 12 hour tethered-flight test of the unfed newly emerged moths from different larval rearing conditions, was the highest at a density of 10 larvae/jar, on the average of 225.4 minutes in duration and 17.5 kilometers in distance and significantly greater than those from other densities. Incidence of long-fliers in this rearing condition was also the highest whether based on flight distance or duration. In other rearing conditions, either flight capacity or proportion of long-fliers was decreased as larval density increased and vice versa, regardless of being significant or not. Neither pupal weight nor wing-loading was significantly correlated to the moth flight capacity orincidence of longfliers. However, there was a relationship between the long-fliers and pupal weight. Incidence of long-fliers exceeded 50% when pupal weight was in the range of 300-400 mg., but decreased beyond this range, and there was no long fliers when the pupal weight less than 225 mg. Fecundity was also significantly affected by and negatively related to larval density. Correlation between, pupal weight and fecundity was insignificant within any given larval density but was significant when data from all densities are analysed together (r=0.78, P < 0.01). Results obtained from this study suggest that larval density is one of the major environmental factors for Mythimna seperata migration, and migration begins when its popula tion reach to certain density threshold in order to avoid its detrimental effect of further increase.

Coccobius azumai Tachikawa is an important parasite of Hemiberlesia pitysophila Takagi (Homoptera:Diaspididae) and it has been purposely introduced into Guangdong Province in 1987-1989. Its morphology, development, reproduction, longevity and host-feeding behaviour were studied. Female larvae of C. azumaidevelop as primary endoparasitoid of H. Pitysophila females, whereas male larvae are secondary parasites, and develop on the mature larvae, prepupae and pupae of their own kind and other hymenopterous species. Sexual dimorphism occurs at all stages, including the deposited eggs. Mated females of C. azumai preferred to oviposit in gravid and egg-laying H. pitysophila females and could discriminate between parasitized and unparasitized hosts. A mated female laid about 14.75 eggs through 19.7-30.9C; 60% of the eggs were laid within the initial 3 days. Coccobius azumaifemales developed at 21℃, 24℃, 27℃ and 30℃ from egg to adult in 41.24, 32.60,25.60 and 23.00 days respectively. The thermal threshold and thermal sum for the development were 10.1℃ and 448.3 day-degrees respectively. The parasitoid had 9-10 generations a year in Guangdong Province.

This paper deals with the cytotaxonomy of genera Pseutdoxya, Oxyaand Caryands studied by C-banding and Ag-banding methods. The results show that these three genera have some common feature in the C-band distribution and conventional karyotype, indicating their close relationship. However, there are still some differences among the three genera in C-band distribution and NOR localization, showing their specialied aspects, the cytotaxonomic relationship among them and the taxonomic significance of chromosomal banding methods are discussed.

This paper deals with 41 species of Meloidae belonging to 5 genera collected from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, among which 10 species are newly recorded from China. Of the five genera,there are 32 species (about 78% of the total number of species) belonging to the genus Mylabris. The faunal compositions include the Central Asian, Mongolian, European, Zhungel and palaearctic ingredients,among which about 56% (23 species) belong to the Central Asian ingredients. The cantharidin contents of 10 predominant species are analysed, and 7 species have been found to contain higher cantharidin contents and are of medical value.

The present paper reports three new species of grasshoppers fromGansu Province. Type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Shaanxi Normal University.

This paper reports a new species of grasshoppers from Hubei Province.The type specimens are deposited in the Department of Biology, Shandong University.

One new genus and four new species of Lachesillinae are described frommaterial collected on the Chinese arborvitae from Xizang Autonomous Region,China.Type specimens are kept in the Insect Collections of Beijing Agricultural University.

The present paper deals with a new species and two new Chinese records of Tingis Fabricius 1803 from Inner Mongolia Aut. Region of China. The new species is described and the new records are noted. Type specimens are deposited in the Biology Department of Inner Mongolia Teachers' University.

This paper deals with the Chinese species of the genus ChaetogeoicaRemaudiere et Tao. Chaetogeoica utriculata is new to science. A key to the Chinense species is given. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the lnstitute of Zoology, Academia Sinica.

The present paper deals with a new species of the genus PenthirniaGermar, 1821, injurious to Quercus liaotungensit Koidz. Collected in Huhehot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, elevation 1300m. The type specimens are deposited in the Department of Desert Treatment, Inner Mongolia. College of Forestry.

The present paper deals with 3 species of the lndoscitalinus from Yunnan Province, China. Among them one species is described as new and another species is recorded for the first time from China. All the type specimens are kept in the Department of Biology, Sichuan Teachers College.

This paper deals with descriptions of the eggs of twelve species of Noctuidae. The eggs were photographed with SEM from different aspects to show their shape and for the purpose of being used as taxonomic characters, including the morphological characters of the micropylar area, the ribbed nature of vertical and cross ribs, the position, shape and size of the aeropyles, the surface texture and form of cellular markings, and the fine structure of the ventral surface of the egg.

The present paper deals with a new species of Kerorgilus van Achterberg, which was collected from Hunan Province, in the central area of China.

Two species of biting midges (Culicoides tibetensis Chu and Culicoides indianus Macfie) were previously known only from females. The descriptive notes on the newly found males hitherto unknown are presented hereon. The specimens are deposited in the collection of Department of Parasitology, Second Military Med-ical University, Shanghai, China.

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), which has been developing since 1990, is a molecular approach to reveal DNA polymorphism. It is believed that this approach is valuable in studies involving genetics, molecular evolution, taxonomy et al. because of its advantages, such as simplicity, sensitivity, cheapness and, the most important, lower requirement of materials.In the field of insect taxonomy, the molecular approaches which are valuable in other fields can not be used widely due to polymorphism of insects. The obstacle to the progress of insect taxonomy should better be overcome by molecular approaches which relate to DNA. Now, RAPD is considered to be an effective key.In this paper, the peculiarity of RAPD and its superiority in insect taxonomy are discussed.